(1) (Busiol, Shek & Lee, 2015) Although not explicitly defined, how did the authors distinguish positive youth development programs from prevention (risk behavior, mental health, anti-bullying) programs? Consider program content and the authors’ descriptions of program evaluations in your answer. Also, which countries focused the most on PYD programs, anti-bullying programs, substance abuse programs and which country seemed to spend the most on youth programs in general? Explain one of these instances or examples (e.g., a country that focuses on program type of your choice, or expends the most resources in youth programs) why you think this is the case.

(2) (Tirrell et al. , 2018) NOTE: It is recommended that you skip pages 13 to 15 (assuming the first page of article is page 1) of the results and just focus on bottom of page 15 (starting with Comparing the CI-Supported and Non-CI Supported Groups heading) through 16 for results. This is the point where they figure out their measurement models and how the measures interrelate and finally start looking at how the variables (indicated by their measures of hope, spirituality, and 5Cs relate and how they differ by youth group – those who receive Compassion International support and those who do not).

In the findings comparing the CI-supported with the non-CI-supported groups (p. 15-16), which comparison did you find you could understand (some of these findings require deeper thought to consider how they relate to the real world of practice with poor youth in an international setting) or relate to the most? What does this finding mean for your own area of research or practice? Feel free to examine the discussion (specifically paragraphs 2 and 4 on p. 17) to get a better idea on interpretation of results.

(3) Catalano et al. (2019) in their review of internationally based PYD programs highlight 35 programs (you can see all programs described in Table 3 and text that follows from pp. 20-28 of publication). Describe one program that stands out to you and describe them as to country, setting (eg school), age of youth participants targeted, specific vulnerability of youth targeted – eg. orphan – if applicable, evaluation design, implementation (or “brief description” on Table 3), outcomes of focus and impact (e.g., no null or opposite findings in right hand column of table 3). What about this program piqued your interest and why did you select this program from out of a total of 35 to describe?

• Please use APA FORMAT 2-3 pages double typed with multiple references, an InTEXT citations
• Explain how your understanding of the multidisciplinary nature of the course content has changed or been validated. ( describe the findings and research of more in-depth topics as each week went on)
• Explain how the issue you discussed in Week 1 ( please see below for week response) of the course can be addressed from a multidisciplinary perspective.
• Expand on your insights utilizing the Learning Resources.
• Expand on your insights utilizing your StrengthsFinder Assessment results ( I was not able to complete, but you can google one or make one up).

Include proper APA citations and references (see Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association for assistance).

Week one discussion:

Covid-19 within the hospital settings

Introduction

In the healthcare setting, numerous developments have been witnessed. The main focus for these developments has been on empowering the community towards accomplishing better wellness outcomes. This project will discuss COVID-19 within the hospital settings. This topic is essential because it relates to the efficacy of the adopted frameworks in responding to the community demands from care delivery frameworks. Nurses gain their knowledge and skills through health educators. These stakeholders are vital within the community setting because they influence decision making focusing on aligning the nursing actions on the patient demands. It is essential to note that the pandemic has exposed weaknesses within the prevailing healthcare systems. While these challenges exist, numerous developments have been made relating to the investments within the care setting to foster better relationships with patients. Health educators are essential players in this setting because they provide the ideal framework for approaching community wellness from diverse dimensions. Healthcare administrators and clinical experts like nurses collaborate in delivering value depending on community demands. Following the pandemic, their interaction has been based on value creation through disease prevention and management. This discussion will show that public health careers are essential since they produce experts capable of handling issues and challenges from a wellness and population wellbeing dimension.

Analysis

In the hospital setting, numerous stakeholders interact to deliver patient value. These players may include community health nurses, informatics department, epidemiology, global health, environmental health and but not limited to mental health care. These departments play a critical role in defining the ultimate goals for the healthcare providers in handling patient demands and concerns. The effectiveness of the adopted practices depends on the skills earned throughout the learning processes. Since the pandemic was reported, many countries have reported overwhelming of their healthcare centers. This trend has been associated with increasing demand for immediate attention. Further, while healthcare centers have reported a rise in the overall number of patients, their resources like human input have witnessed a negligible improvement.

This topic has been selected because it offers a framework for understanding the role of community and clinical expertise in controlling the spread. I have selected the topic because I am interested in learning about the potential effectiveness of vaccines and the possibility of a cure. Additionally, this topic will allow me to explore some of the frameworks and practices deployed to inform community wellness through prevention. Since the first incident, care stakeholders have advised the population against the virus, implementing numerous recommendations. The primary aim of these recommendations is to empower the community equipping it with the necessary knowledge on preventing the spread of the virus. This information will inform my career development and advancement decisions focusing on community wellness and health promotion.

This topic is related to the human health program since it provides a foundation for understanding the factors responsible for the increasing incidents within the community. On the other hand, the program is essential because it provides the ideal framework for handling the increasing community demands through a holistic framework. Since this program uses a holistic approach, it eases the diagnoses, prevention and containment processes. This program is best suited for non-communicable diseases. However, it can handle infectious diseases like COVID-19 providing the ideal foundation for enhancing population wellness. However, the effectiveness of this program depends on the role played by the community health workers. Health educators play a critical role in developing and implementing policies to enhance community wellness. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2015), health educators and community health workers are vital stakeholders. They progressively assess population health needs and developments to create the ideal interventions for promoting awareness. They evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted programs in handling community wellness demands.

Further, the Public Health Online (2016) journal offers insight into the various careers in public health and their significance in community wellness. According to the article, careers in public health range from community health to epidemiology. These careers equip learners and experts with the necessary skills and competencies to ensure maximum community wellness. Additionally, The Princeton Review (2016) report provides essential details about the potential role played by the careers in healthcare administration fields. This report shows that nurses can explore numerous careers in public health to foster better relationships with the underlying population requirements.

I am interested in a community health career. This field will allow me to promote community wellness through education and clinical interventions. I will use the knowledge and reduces gathered to create a foundation for enhancing response to community problems from a health dimension. I want to create a foundation for raising awareness within the community through education and local programs focused on preventing COVID-19 spread. Further, I am interested in creating community resilience against health conditions and challenges like COVID-19.

Conclusion

Community health is a vital career that fosters better insight into the arising population demands. This field offers a foundation for approaching population demands using a holistic dimension. Clinical experts must develop the ideal frameworks to approach community health demands. This discussion presents COVID-19 within the healthcare setting. This condition affects multiple populations and requires community awareness to prevent its spread and ensure resilience. Nurses and other care practitioners are trained through various programs to assume diverse roles and responsibilities. These programs provide the ideal framework for accomplishing better wellness outcomes focusing on strategic alignment and positioning their actions towards caring for the population. Nursing and community health workers careers are essential because they lay the ideal foundation for enhancing the required service delivery focusing on patient wellness. The effectiveness of the adopted frameworks depends on the knowledge and skills the practitioner’s exhibits. Therefore, nurses and other stakeholders must determine the best approaches to guarantee community wellness and resilience.

References

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2015). What Health Education Specialists and Community Health Workers Do. Bls.gov. Retrieved from https://www.bls.gov/ooh/Community-and-Social-Servi…

Public Health Online. (2016). A Guide to Public Health Careers. Public Health Online. Retrieved from https://www.publichealthonline.org/careers/

The Princeton Review. (2016). Career: Health care administrator. Princeton Review.Retrieved from https://www.princetonreview.com/career-search?cid=… lol

Please note that this is a threaded discussion, allowing you to have an extended conversation in a smaller group. After you read the article “Toward a Rational Response on Plagiarism” decide how you want to respond to it. This piece is from an instructor’s point-of-view. What do you think of the approaches presented? Choose one of the following ways to respond.

• Skeptic, challenging the author
• Reflector, thinking about how the reading applies to you and others
• Validator, supporting the author
• Extender, applying the author’s principles to future situations

Descriptions of these roles are found below. Once you’ve decided, then make your initial post in the appropriate thread (skeptic, reflector, validator, or extender). If there are already five (5) persons in that thread, please choose another one. Do not start your own thread.

 Skeptic – Challenge some items in the reading. Be specific about what you disagree with and provide substantive evidence (logic, examples, or even research). Here’s a way to start your post: “I disagree with many points in the article because…”

 Reflector – Think about the concepts set forth in the reading as they relate to your own experiences or those of others. Be specific about your observations, explaining how you have reached your conclusions. Here’s a way to start your post: “Reading this article makes me think of a class I took last year…”

 Validator – Support some items in the reading. Be specific about which points you agree with, explaining why you do. Provide evidence. Here’s a way to start your post: “I agree with many of the author’s points, such as…”

 Extender – Show how the concepts might be applied in future situations. You may focus on both positive and negative ramifications. Be specific as you extend the conversation. Here’s a way to start your post: “This article made me wonder how the concepts might be applied to…”

Responding to Others

• Ask for clarification about why the student chose the role he/she did.
• Provide additional evidence for that role or another one.
• Try using one of these roles (skeptic, reflector, validator, or extender) in your responses.

Discussion Guidelines for timing, content, and format

ENGL110 Discussion Rubric

Rubrics

• ENGL110 Discussion Rubric

The pharmaceutical industry spends billions of dollars each year on research and development. Rather than capitalize these R&D expenditures as intangible assets, companies are required to charge them to expense in the year incurred. Perform a key word search of pharmaceutical companies using the search engine of your choice. Select 2 of these companies and obtain their 10K report by using the SEC’s EDGAR system or going directly to the websites of the company you choose. For each company selected, determine:

1. Total R&D expense for the most current year
2. Total R&D expense as a percentage of total operating costs and expenses
3. Total R&D expense as a percentage of net sales
4. The percentage by which operating income would have increased had the entire R&D expenditure been recorded as an intangible asset instead of being charged to expense.
5. Using information from the 10-K reports, summarize briefly the kinds of drugs being researched and developed by each of these companies. To a potential investor, which company appears to be the most innovative and promising? Please explain.

Financial ratio analysis, 1

Financial ratio analysis, 2

Please present the dollar amount for each company’s sales, total R&D costs, total operating expenses including R&D costs, and operating income, and provide the supporting calculations for your %s.

R&D would typically be presented as a separate line item under operating expenses or alongside it. To calculate R&D as a % of net sales is not difficult, since both items would be clearly presented on the income statement. With operating expense data, care should be exercised on whether total operating expenses already contains R&D costs or are operating expenses presented separately from R&D costs. Technically the R&D costs as a % of total operating expenses should be R&D divided by total operating expenses which include R&D, so we can see how much of the company’s on-going, recurrent expenses are made up of R&D. Operating income should be presented as a separate line item on the income statement. If not, subtract cost of sales and operating expenses (including R&D) from sales and you get operating income.

300

Technical Demonstration – Using Screen Capture and Editing Software to Demonstrate a Computer Process

Present information using digital video in either a presentation or movie format. – Extra Credit up to 50 points possible when submitted and presented. ONE attempt only.

Objective:

Design and present a step by step video demonstrating how to accomplish a task on your personal computer system. Create a short (2-3) minute video that demonstrates how to do something useful on your personal computer. There are many useful procedures or time saving techniques that may be implemented on a personal-use computer system. To document the steps one might use to take advantage of these, written instructions are often times not as easy to follow as a demonstration in a video format.

Resources:

Tutorials about using PowerPoint or I-movie and Quicktime are available in the study guide.

• Mac

On a Macintosh system use i-movie and quicktime software to create one complete video file

• Windows

On a Windows system use MS-PowerPoint to embed video files into one or more slides within a presentation

Requirements:

1. For this assignment, you will design and present a step by step video demonstrating how to accomplish a task on your personal computer system.
2. Determine something that you think is useful when using a personal computer. This could be something directly related to schoolwork, a utility program that maintains the health of your system, or one or more shortcuts or tips you have discovered when using productivity software.
3. Use movie editing software or MS-PowerPoint to create a series of step by step instructions for how to accomplish the task you are demonstrating. As noted above,see the Study Guide for tutorials on video software or capturing video directly from PowerPoint.
   • Use screen capture techniques, with annotations where needed, to demonstrate the steps used to accomplish the selected task.
   • Within the video, use narration to reinforce what you are showing with screen capture.
   • Include titles and credits (research sources) in the video or slide show.
   • Include at least one transition and one animation for visual interest.
   • Use at least one image from a website that allows images to be reused. Be sure to attribute the source of the image(s).
4. If using I-movie on a Mac, properly finalize the movie storyboard or project into a finished movie and post on you tube.

Directions: Respond to both postings in one of the following ways:

Address the content of your colleague’s statement, as well as the integration of relevant resources or Address a question posed in the post for further Discussion. Each response must be at least a paragraph and contain one citation.

Post #1:

Alignment with Qualitative Studies

It is paramount that scholars understand the importance of having proper alignment throughout their research. Having proper alignment between the key elements of a research study allow it to be more narrowly focused (Dixon, 2019). Key elements of a qualitative study include the problem statement, purpose statement, conceptual framework, interview questions, and research questions. Qualitative research is primarily concerned with subjects’ own experiences of a life event, while aiming to interpret what participants have said in an effort to explain why (Saunders et al., 2015).

Problem Statement

To establish if patterns exist for females in Malaysia that come from economically disadvantaged households undertaking entrepreneurship.

Purpose Statement

To explore the specific causes of failure among Malaysian female entrepreneurs who were provided financial services by the microfinance institution.

Conceptual Framework

According to the Walden University Doctoral Capstone Resources (2016), conceptual framework establishes connections among ideas and articulates how they are related to the current research topic of the study. The framework that was used for this study is called deterministic perspective approach. This approach posits that cause of failure of new ventures is through no responsibility of the entrepreneurs, but is actually caused by environmental dynamics surrounding the new undertaking (Samer Al-Shami et al., 2019).

Research Question

The research was conducted to explore the reasons for female entrepreneurs’ failure by answering the following questions:

• RQ1: Why do some of the microcredit borrowers fail in their business development, although they still meet the loan repayment obligation?
• RQ2: Why do others abandon microcredit and their businesses?

Interview Questions

Data for the study conducted by Samer Al-Shami et al. (2019) were collected from a total of 18 female entrepreneurs who had failed to develop and sustain their business. The interview questions were:

• Why did you drop out from the business?
• How did you pay your loan back?
• How does competition affect you?
• How long did it take for you to receive a business loan and why did it take the time that it did?

The study question, purpose statement, and problem statement are all focused on the issue of Malaysian female business failure. Therefore, they align well. The research question also aligns well with the interview questions, as all of the interview questions are aimed at establishing reasoning for the business failure. In order for Samer Al-Shami et al. (2019) to make a meaningful impact on the issue, it is critical that their key elements align like they do. There seems to be one glaring issue with the alignment of key elements in this study, and that is the lack of a problem statement. In this study, it seems that the purpose statement and problem statement are lumped together. If I were to make a change, I would specifically state what each of these elements are. I would also add some additional research questions to improve the validity and depth of the study.

References

Dixon, B. (2019). Experiments in Experience: Towards an alignment of research through design and John Dewey’s pragmatism. Design Issues, 35(2), 5–16. https://doi.org.ezp/10.1162/desi_a_00531

Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2015). Research methods for business students (7th ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited

Samer Al-Shami, Abdullah Al Mamun, Safiah Sidek, & Nurulizwa Rashid. (2019). Causes of failure among Malaysian female entrepreneurs: A qualitative case study of Malaysian microcredit borrowers. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 12(1), 43–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-12-2018-0142

Post #2:

Alignment Within Qualitative Studies

In this study, Osborne & Hammoud (2017) argues that disengaged employees cost organizations billions of dollars yearly. This study’s target population focused on four communication business leaders in Jackson, Mississippi. Osborne & Hammoud (2017) noted that actively engaged employees determine how well an organization performs over time. In contrast, disengaged employees are not as productive and impact the financial outcome of an organization.

The purpose of this study is to analyze effective employee engagement strategies. The conceptual framework for this study is the self-determination theory. The self-determination theory was created in the 1980s. Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan developed the theory to determine how employees were intrinsically motivated (Gagne & Deci, 2005). The self-determination theory examined the connection between employee engagement and human behavior. Employee engagement and employee behavior are related and based on the employees’ goals. Therefore, organizations must find ways to keep employees engaged to avoid disengagement (Osborne & Hammoud, 2017).

The research question: What strategies do communication leaders use to engage their employees to increase profits? The results were that leaders must provide incentives to maintain the motivation of employees (Osborne & Hammoud, 2017). Rewards and recognition programs are significant incentives for employees.

The problem statement, purpose statement, conceptual framework, and research question aligns within this study. I will explore more companies across the U.S. to determine if incentives, rewards, and recognition expectations are the same among employees in different industries.

References

Gagne, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331

Osborne, S., & Hammoud, M. S. (2017). Effective employee engagement in the workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1), 50-67. https:/doi.org/10.5590/IJAMT.2017.16.1.14

Explain what health literacy is and why it is so important to nurse’s and health care professionals overall. Can you explain a specific example of a time when you, a family member or a friend experienced a problem with health literacy in a healthcare setting? Make sure to provide sufficient detail.

Go to the CDC 2030 Health People website (you can find the link in this Module under Health Literacy or google it). What is the relation between health literacy and the Healthy People 2030 Initiatives? Choose at least 2 of the objectives outlined in the Healthy People 2030 Initiative in relation to health literacy that you feel would be most appropriate to address within the community where you work and/or live. Provide a detailed explanation of why you chose these two objectives in relation to your community.

Describe three specific interventions that could address the 2 health literacy objectives you identified. It is important to integrate your understanding of the community in relation to those factors that are integral to your community (cultural norms, socioeconomic status, health education status, English language fluency, etc). Make sure to support these interventions with rationales of why you believe these interventions would be effective in your community; essentially integrating your personal and professional understanding of your community into the discussion.

Discussion Protocol. Please observe the following 3 x 3 rule: when writing your weekly discussions: – A minimum of three paragraphs per DQ. Each paragraph should have a minimum of three sentences. Remember that peer responses need to be substantive and extend the original discussion posting by making connections, relating to others’ ideas and adding supporting detail. Refer to grading rubric, to receive full credit each portion of the discussion posting must be addressed along with the 2 peer responses.

All answers or discussions comments submitted must be in APA format according to Publication Manual American Psychological Association (APA) (7th ed.) 2019.

Discussion: Diabetes and Drug Treatments

Photo Credit: [Mark Hatfield]/[iStock / Getty Images Plus]/Getty Images

Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations.

For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
• Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
• Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
• Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.

By Day 3 of Week 5

Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.

NURS_6521_Week5_Discussion_Rubric

• Grid View
• List View

	Excellent	Good	Fair	Poor
Main Posting	45 (45%) – 50 (50%) Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. Supported by at least three current, credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	40 (40%) – 44 (44%) Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least three credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	35 (35%) – 39 (39%) Responds to some of the discussion question(s). One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed. Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Post is cited with two credible sources. Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Contains some APA formatting errors.	0 (0%) – 34 (34%) Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately. Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria. Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Contains only one or no credible sources. Not written clearly or concisely. Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.
Main Post: Timeliness	10 (10%) – 10 (10%) Posts main post by day 3	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not post by day 3
First Response	17 (17%) – 18 (18%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	15 (15%) – 16 (16%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	13 (13%) – 14 (14%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 12 (12%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Second Response	16 (16%) – 17 (17%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	14 (14%) – 15 (15%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	12 (12%) – 13 (13%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. . Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 11 (11%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Participation	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days

Total Points: 100

Name: NURS_6521_Week5_Discussion_Rubric